Document Type : Review
Authors
1
MSc in Health Services Management, Department of Health Management, Policy and Economics, School of Management and Medical Informatics, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman
2
Professor of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran.
3
PhD in Industrial Engineering, System Management and Productivity, Faculty of Industrial Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran.
4
Center for Clinical Biomechanics and Ergonomics Research, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
Introduction
Digital technologies such as artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, big data, telemedicine, and blockchain hold significant potential to improve healthcare quality, enhance access, and reduce costs. However, their implementation faces multiple challenges. This study aims to systematically review the barriers and requirements for adopting these technologies in healthcare systems.
Methods
This review followed the PRISMA guidelines. Articles were retrieved from PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. The search covered studies published between 2010 and April 2025. Only peer-reviewed English-language articles that met quality assessment criteria were included. In total, 21 eligible studies were analyzed.
Findings
The results revealed several categories of challenges. Technical barriers include weak data security, lack of system integration, and limited infrastructure stability. Organizational barriers involve inadequate infrastructure, poor coordination among institutions, shortage of skilled professionals, and resistance from healthcare staff toward technological change. Legal and ethical concerns focus on patient privacy and the absence of clear regulatory frameworks. Social and cultural barriers are also notable, particularly the digital divide and negative attitudes toward emerging technologies, which hinder equitable access to services. Finally, economic constraints such as high implementation costs and limited sustainable funding further complicate the adoption process.
Conclusion
Successful implementation of digital technologies in healthcare requires strengthening infrastructure, enhancing cybersecurity, developing international standards, training human resources, establishing clear legal frameworks, and securing sustainable financial resources. Addressing these requirements will facilitate effective use of digital solutions and provide valuable guidance for healthcare policymakers.
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