Acute poisoning following ingestion of Imidacloprid insecticide: a case report

Document Type : Review

Authors

1 Sabzevar

2 Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine,, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences,, Sabzevar, Iran

3 Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran Search for this

Abstract

Introduction: Acute poisoning with pesticides represents a significant global health concern. Imidacloprid is a neonicotinoid insecticide belonging to the chloronicotinyl nitroguanidine family. Its mechanism of action involves the stimulation of postsynaptic nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. The present study reports a case of intentional poisoning with imidacloprid.
A 53-year-old male patient, with an unknown quantity of imidacloprid ingested orally with the intention of suicide, was admitted to the emergency department of a local hospital with restlessness and a decreased level of consciousness, near-normal-sized pupils and a weak reaction to light. Subsequent to the implementation of preliminary measures, the patient was transferred to the educational and therapeutic hospital for further diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. Upon admission to the emergency department of the teaching hospital, the patient's vital signs were recorded as follows: blood pressure 140.90 mmHg, heart rate 102/min, respiratory rate 14/min, body temperature 37°C, and blood oxygen saturation 88% without supplemental oxygen and 93% with oxygen. The patient's level of consciousness was diminished (GCS: 15.9), the diameter of the pupils was 4 mm bilaterally, and they exhibited a diminished response to light. The patient was observed to be breathing spontaneously and without evidence of distress. As the level of consciousness declines and respiratory failure progresses, mechanical ventilation is initiated, and the patient ultimately recovers after a few days with supportive treatment.
In conclusion, Although neonicotinoid poisons have a relatively safe toxic profile for humans compared to organophosphorus poisons, ingestion of large quantities can cause failure of various body organs and even death.

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Beyhagh
Volume 29, Issue 3
December 2024
Pages 348-355

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