Document Type : Review
Authors
1
Department of Biology and Vector Control, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
2
Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
3
Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Mazandaran, Iran
4
Department of Public Health, School of Health, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
Abstract
Zeonotic diseases (common between humans and animals) are a group of health disorders that are transmitted from animals to humans. This transmission can occur through direct contact with infected animals, consumption of contaminated food or water, and in some cases through insect bites. The causative agents of zoonotic diseases are mainly bacteria, viruses, and parasites that can be transmitted from animals to humans. Among the important bacteria that play a role in the development of these diseases are Salmonella, Pasteurella, Brucella, and Staphylococcus. With the increase in human interaction with the environment, the prevalence of diseases shared between humans and livestock has increased in recent years. In the present study, a comprehensive search was conducted in reputable databases including Magiran, SID, PubMed, and Google Scholar using the specified keywords. From the total number of articles searched, those that were relevant and of appropriate scientific content quality were selected and reviewed. This study shows that human interactions with the environment, climate change, and poor hygiene in livestock management contribute to the spread of zoonotic diseases. To reduce the spread of these diseases, comprehensive health policies, effective educational programs, and approaches that strengthen collaboration between health and veterinary professionals are essential.
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